What is LED? Advantages and Emission Principle of LED

What is LED?

LED, or Light-Emitting Diode, is a semiconductor component that can directly convert electric into light. It features energy-saving, high efficiency, long lifespan, and small size.

Emission Principle of LED

As a diode, LED has a positive and negative pole. What makes LED special is that it only emits light when current flows from the positive pole. Therefore, when supplied with direct current, LED emits stable light. However, if connected to alternating current, LED will flicker at a frequency determined by the input frequency. The emission principle of LED is that an external voltage causes electrons and holes to combine within the semiconductor, releasing energy in the form of light.

Advantages of LED

● Energy-saving: LED consumes very little power, saving nearly 80% of energy compared to traditional sources for the same illuminance.

● High efficiency: The luminous efficacy of incandescent lamp is 8-18lm/w, while that of energy-saving lamp is 40-50lm/w. LED’s efficacy can reach 100-150lm/w.

● Long lifespan: Under normal conditions, the standard lifespan of LED can exceed 100,000 hours when the luminous flux decays to 70%.

● Small size: LED can be packaged flatly, making it easy to develop lightweight, compact products in various shapes such as dots, lines, and surfaces.